Political Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Political Theory - Essay Example The reason for Marx’ vision was that the decision class, the bourgeoisie, was tainting and harsh to the individuals, and Marx imagined when the bourgeoisie would be deprived of its capacity by stripping it of its property and society would be raunchy. Along these lines, Marx basically pushed that nobody class would have control over another classs. Then again, Nicolo Machiavelli, in his book The Prince basically pushed the inverse. Where Marx accepted that force ought to be disseminated, Machiavelli accepted that force ought to be fortified, and his book indicated rulers, called sovereigns by Machiavelli, on the best way to do this. Machiavelli’s theory was that a ruler ought to be fortified, along these lines force ought to be magnified and this would be the reason for security in a country; Marx’ postulation was that the working class, or the individuals, ought to be reinforced, so that people with great influence would be uprooted and force would not dwell in any one gathering or individual. The two books depend on these fundamental premises. Contention The fundamental differentiation between the standards embraced by Machiavelli and those by Marx is that Machiavelli champions a solid head who may utilize any methods conceivable to administer over the individuals, while Marx champions the intensity of the individuals, the working class, expressing that they ought to be more impressive than the pioneers. For example, Machiavelli seems to excuse mercilessness as a methods for living safely in another nation which has been prevailed. He refers to the case of Oliverotto of Fermo, who came into power through a criminal demonstration. Oliverotto came into power by killing his uncle, Giovanni Fogliani, at that point, after this misleading demonstration, rode through the town, laying attack to the administering gathering. In light of this demonstration, he was dreaded by those presently administering, and Oliverotto had the option to make himsel f a sovereign. Undoubtedly, Oliverotto killed anyone who might dislike his standard and might harm him (Machiavelli, 1961, p. 39). Regardless of the way that Oliverotto was slippery and executed his own uncle, who was only kind to Oliverotto, Machiavelli held this pioneer up for instance of a sovereign who utilized brutality well. Machiavelli expressed that pitilessness utilized well is mercilessness that â€Å"is utilized once for all, and one’s wellbeing relies upon it, and afterward it is no continued in however beyond what many would consider possible went to the benefit of one’s subjects† (Machiavelli, 1961, p. 39). Then again, Machiavelli considered savagery utilized severely as pitilessness that develops after some time, and isn't really a one-time frequency. At the point when a sovereign uses mercilessness gravely, he can't look after force; with brutality very much utilized, a pioneer may improve his position (Machiavelli, 1961, p. 39). Machiavelli furt her underlines that pitilessness must be utilized at first while making sure about the nation, and must be delivered at the same time (Machiavelli, 1961, p. 40). This segment isn't the main spot where Machiavelli advocates mercilessness for the pioneer who is attempting to make sure about himself in power. He likewise expresses that it is smarter to be dreaded than adored. In particular, he advocates making instances of individuals. To do in any case would be a soft spot for the pioneer, and would prompt issue. Machiavelli expresses that it is important to be dreaded, instead of cherished, as men are â€Å"ungrateful, whimsical, liars and backstabbers, they evade threat and are avaricious for profit†¦when you are at serious risk, they turn away† (Machiavelli, 1961, p. 71). At the point when a pioneer is cherished, they will have an obligation of appreciation. In any case, men having the nature that they have, will break these bonds at the first

Who Cares about Student Apathy? :: Personal Narrative Essays

Who Cares about Student Apathy?   In the course of the most recent a while I have been risen in the issue of voter lack of care. This year just 8.3% of understudies casted a ballot in our Student Government decisions.   This turned into a significant issue to me since I previously came to secondary school. I viewed a significant number of my companions show no enthusiasm for what was happening around secondary school. They didn't have a clue about any of the competitors and they didn't appear to mind what befell the association that conveyed the most weight in passing on understudy interests to the organization. From this talk, I set out this semester in view of objectives.   1) Increase voter turnout in the SGA political race 2) Make casting a ballot accessible on-line 3) Increase understudy enthusiasm for SGA   Obviously I bombed at all 3 objectives. Our voter turnout went down from the earlier year, and I was told deciding on-line had just been examined and the organization had concluded that it was not viable. It is difficult to quantify whether I expanded enthusiasm for understudy government, in any case, in light of the past two, I accept intrigue has not expanded.   While now in my undertakings I got baffled. That didn't stop me. I began just conversing with individuals I think about democratic. I asked them for what valid reason they thought understudies had detachment and what they thought may change that. These conversations changed my viewpoint totally. I was not, at this point worried about simply getting everybody to the surveys since I understood that it took more than that to get individuals included. With the goal for understudies to cast a ballot, they should unequivocally accept that what's going on influences them by and by and that by casting a ballot they are standing firm about something, yet additionally they accept their stand will have any kind of effect. Understudies who are not deciding in favor of these reasons most likely ought not be casting a ballot. This was a defining moment in my procedure, and from here I made two new strides.   1) I built up an overview on casting a ballot 2) I made a data sheet to pitch the SGA political race   The SGA political decision isn't profoundly publized, and I felt it may be useful to post sheets advising understudies how and where to cast a ballot.   I especially loved the one vote measurements on the data sheet circulated to understudies. Who Cares about Student Apathy? :: Personal Narrative Essays Who Cares about Student Apathy?   In the course of the most recent a while I have been risen in the issue of voter unresponsiveness. This year just 8.3% of understudies casted a ballot in our Student Government races.   This turned into a significant issue to me since I previously came to secondary school. I viewed a large number of my companions show no enthusiasm for what was happening around secondary school. They didn't have a clue about any of the competitors and they didn't appear to mind what befell the association that conveyed the most weight in passing on understudy interests to the organization. From this talk, I set out this semester in light of objectives.   1) Increase voter turnout in the SGA political race 2) Make casting a ballot accessible on-line 3) Increase understudy enthusiasm for SGA   Obviously I flopped at all 3 objectives. Our voter turnout went down from the earlier year, and I was told deciding on-line had just been examined and the organization had concluded that it was not pragmatic. It is difficult to gauge whether I expanded enthusiasm for understudy government, in any case, in light of the past two, I accept intrigue has not expanded.   While now in my undertakings I got baffled. That didn't stop me. I began basically conversing with individuals I think about democratic. I asked them for what valid reason they thought understudies had lack of care and what they thought may change that. These conversations changed my viewpoint totally. I was not, at this point worried about simply getting everybody to the surveys since I understood that it took more than that to get individuals included. With the goal for understudies to cast a ballot, they should firmly accept that what's going on influences them by and by and that by casting a ballot they are standing firm about something, yet additionally they accept their stand will have any kind of effect. Understudies who are not deciding in favor of these reasons presumably ought not be casting a ballot. This was a defining moment in my procedure, and from here I made two new strides.   1) I built up an overview on casting a ballot 2) I made a data sheet to advance the SGA political decision   The SGA political race isn't exceptionally publized, and I felt it may be advantageous to post sheets advising understudies how and where to cast a ballot.   I especially loved the one vote insights on the data sheet circulated to understudies.

5 Team-Building Activities Your Employees Wont Hate

5 Team-Building Activities Your Employees Won’t Hate Working from day to day, from year to year, with the same people can bring a harmonious homey feeling of familiarity at work, but it can also create tension.Engaging workers in activities that at the same time relieve them of stress and bond them can be not only advisable but a must in some types of work.Having a drink after work can cut the edge off a long working day, but experiencing something that will stay a memory connects people on a next level and instead of a mere group, creates a team.But that doesn’t mean that work should become a friendly gathering, right?In most situations it’s not the best idea to bring out Chutes and Ladders as a team activity… just as experience can enhance the prosperity of the team, it can impair it too.Hence, it’s best to choose some activities that aren’t very likely to result with any kind of displeasure.ADRENALINE RUSH AS A WAY OF FORMING A CONNECTIONAs they say, when all are in the same boat, there are no wishes, fights, or even perso nalities or names, just one goal that everyone shares, and that, therefore, connects them outside of any other circumstances.This pattern was found out to be very useful on the grounds of teamwork and can be turned into an amazing spectrum of group activities.There is a number of research that proves that activities which involve increased adrenaline production in all of the participants make a kind of an invisible, but really chemical, bond between these participants.This is why going to see a horror film in the cinema can be a good idea for a first date or why a group of strangers thrown in an unexpected dangerous situation upon the end of it is most likely to feel very close and even stay friends (this is also the reason to why there are so many movies based on this plot).Everyone has their sphere of interests and not everyone is an extreme sports junkie, but this effect of connection through adrenaline can be achieved through various kinds of, more or less intense, activities.Fr om organizing one night in a month for a psychological thriller or a horror movie to going camping or even skydiving…A lot of things can make a tremendous impact on the psychological connection of the invisible web that makes the group and fundamentally correlates with the groups performance.Naturally, it is hard to find an option that will appeal to everyone, but one option that includes all the aforementioned advantages and is usually very enjoyable because it’s more fun and playful than scary and strenuous is paintball.Paintball is an embodiment of teamwork, fun, adrenaline, positive stress and, at the same time, childs play and strategy â€" both individual and group strategy.Its a colorful battle of not bullets, but rainbows that lights up both the grownup and the childlike side in us, and when these two are in balance, we are at ease, as happy and as ready to work as ever.Using adrenaline boost as a group activity can also have a downside of bringing out the animalistic sid e of our behavior to surface which can lead to problems in coworker’s liaisons and the counter-effect of the whole idea.Therefore, it is not advisable to choose these types of occupations as regular ones, except, of course, if they turn out to be a suitable way of group bonding and summing up everything that the group needs from a shared activity with colleagues that, on them, doesn’t leave the same effect as work, but veraciously affects work afterwards.The core question to this topic still remains:Why is it fun to be frightened? Answers circulate between the strengthening that comes after fear, the simple collective sharing of one same feeling regardless of anything else at that moment.For example, imagine having a huge fight with a friend in a forest and all of a sudden seeing a bear â€" the past moment will automatically disappear and the only thing left will be to save your own lives.Of course, some irrevocable laws that our nature as humans consists of are also a big part of us experiencing fear as somewhat pleasant.The answer isn’t simple and that’s the reason why, for better understanding of this matter, there is more research on it than an article can cover.ART AS A CREATIVE OUTFLOW AND A CIRCULATION OF IDEASThere are types of work where creative stimulation can actually lead to a downfall of overall performance if the work itself does not involve any creative thinking and has only focus and mere manufacturing as its main requirement.In this situation, developing creativity in workers can end with them gazing or dazing off, or even growing to find the job unbearable and quitting.But in any type of work that has to do with creative expression, including a painting class as an off-work activity can be a good idea.Depending on the type and style of work, attuning the creative form with the type of work is a multi-productive solution.For instance, if the work has anything to with writing, even communicating through written forms with associates, a class of creative writing, or a book club can provide pleasure as well as performance improvement.Again, it would be ideal to find something that correlates with everyone, or at least most of the team, so as to even make it a tradition, which gives the employees and the whole atmosphere at work another, we could say, familiar color that transforms work from obligation to enjoyment and even mere completing tasks to an utter devotion.The afore-mentioned possible activity from the first paragraph, camping, can be combined with creative energy, the ones who are fond of music can share their passion with others by playing the guitar, others can tell a campfire story or draw postcards.There shouldn’t be a pressure of having to do something, but the best way is to bring this activism culture to work as a natural, but an optional thing.The good side of creative work is that there are hardly any downsides to it or negative outcomes.If a couple of people embrace the idea and engage in some kind of creative work, and especially when they share this energy with others, the rest will most likely just follow and the flow of happiness and bliss created through creativity will overlay the future of collective work for the participants.Another interesting way of direct and psychological bonding of people who work together is to collectively decorate the working space.This can lead to some conflicts so a clever way to use this is to leave it for the time when people in the team connect.People usually take some time to learn to accept each other, and grow to even like each other; at this point organizing a collective makeover of workspace makes for an exciting experience, both a big prize for the team’s performance and a chance to get even closer together.All these solutions have described end results that point the picture of work-life something almost… like a family.But, thinking about it, the biggest and the most successful companies and organizations in the world func tion like that.Too many people are in the same place and somehow they should almost function like an organism to work the best they can, or in other words, to make the company work the best it can.This cant be achieved without a lot of stress, energy, sweat, and toleration invested.That is why it is so important for these kinds of organizations to have a pool, a gym, a pool table and other solutions that most people see as a waste of money, but without these activities, it is sure that the people there wouldn’t be able to perform on such a high level.Of course, it is perfectly expected for workers to have alone time and that it is better for them not to one with a colleague and their work life, but developing enjoyable activities on a level of the group and delivering them at least monthly, or sometimes even yearly, can, without doubt, mean a huge success.The important undeniable fact here is that free creative flow of ideas and productivity in any form improves quality and style of work, and makes people better and feel better which again, itself, improves performance.This can be, depending on the sphere of interests, from playing video games to becoming a part of a local art studio or a workshop. Even cooking together. Source: slideshare.netPUZZLES AND THE CASE OF COLLECTIVE SOLVINGAgain, being trapped in a situation with one goal for all the participants unites them in a quest of resolving the problem of any kind that has to matter to the group in some way, of course.One of probably the easiest and most interesting ways of doing this is through puzzles or any kind of games that involve collective solving.Two heads think better than one, they say.Well, imagine if 10 or more heads brainstormed their way through the revenue build up in your company.How can you engage them in such an activity?Simulate it with games.Games are an important part of human behavior and learning. Not just that, but they can help boost intelligence in youngsters and it certainly cant hurt to engage your employees in such an activity.Even if it doesnt develop intelligence, it can help keep the mind in shape and we all know how much that matters for any kind of business really.Whether its a puzzle game, an elementary maze thin g or a more modern version of it such as escape rooms are, games can have a positive impact on the teamwork in your company.Its not just that they enhance your employees cognitive capacities, but they also give a good opportunity for the employees to get to know each other.Its not just the character of the person, but the temperament as well that matters when cooperating.If you know how they react in different situations, it will be that much easier for you to plan your strategy in both business and gaming.You will know when you can rely on your colleagues and when will your time to take the lead be.We all have different talents and we shine in different opportunities so its best to know both the advantages and disadvantages or, in other words, both the virtues and flaws of your colleagues so that you may find the best way to account for them and prepare your tactics to produce the optimal result of your collective engagement.Games in themselves are simply simulations of existential experience and through those simulations, we bond and we learn.We learn about ourselves as well as about the afore-mentioned existential experience which a fancy way of saying we learn about life.So its not just working experience that matters, but a team-building and gaming experience as well.Maybe they should put that in CVs, huh? CO-OP VIDEO GAMESAlthough competition is a good way to spark the spirits, it can also create tension between your colleagues, so it may we wise to focus on cooperation rather than competition.If your employees are too eager to compete, you can always set them up against the other departments or even other companys employees.That way you create an interesting flux between businesses which can have a positive impact on… everything?Theres a bunch of video games these days designed to teach the players the subtle art of working together to achieve a goal. Instead of setting the players one against the other, these games pose a logical problem that players should work together to overcome.If there is such a thing as a personified enemy instead of a problem, the cooperation games usually antagonize the AI which is a good way to focus the more aggressive and negative discharges of your employees energy. A good example of this would be the Valve Corporations Left 4 Dead.In this shooting game, you get a chance to release that negativity discharge in the midst of the zombie apocalypse where you and your small team of 4 must survive the hordes of zombies and work together to find your way through an apocalypse-desolated world.It not only gives a chance to use all that rage your employees may have suppressed over the course of time, but it also gives them that adrenaline rush that weve already established is important for social bonding.The game is downright scary and its often that your colleagues will have to literally save you from being pinned down by a zombie or such.Needless to say, that will develop some gratitude between your collea gues.The fact that its just a game doesnt matter much because once the emotion is created, even if its simulated, it persists.Use your Xboxes, Playstations, PCs, and whatnot wisely then. Either take your team gaming every once in a while or purchase a couple of game consoles for your workplace.Its a big trend for the leading companies to have game and recreation rooms for their workers to relax. Its a smart thing too, I mean, were not in the 18th-century industrialization surge anymore. Just sitting for 8 hours and staring at your screen is downright dull and stupid so consider upgrading.If your company doesnt yet have the means to provide a recreation room or a few consoles, dont despair. Keep reading.GROUP SPORTS â€" CONSTRUCTIVE OUTFLOW OF ENERGYAn old times golden way of spending time together sports.Much like all the previous team-building activities, sports engage you fully, both mentally and physically.It may be the best team-building activity yet as it engages you in logica l and problem-solving thinking, but it also develops cooperation, teamwork, lateral thinking. It gives you that adrenaline rush for sure.To top the afore-mentioned activities, sports keep your body in a fine-tune which helps release the happy hormone/neurotransmitter dopamine.Thats why we can freely say that sports may be the most complete and one of the oldest team-building activities ever. Source: dsr.wa.gov.auA good old game of basketball, soccer or volleyball (especially if its on the beach) can have an amazing effect and give your colleagues a chance to get to know each other outside of the office.If your colleagues are into something more extreme, you can go on a group sky diving.To spice things up, instead of just playing in the confines of your companys team, you can apply to tournaments and bid your team against other teams.That way, as has been discussed, you reap the fruits of both cooperation and competition urges that we all have buried deep in our primal legacy.Just be careful to articulate the energy flow towards positivity as sometimes sports can get our infantile sides to rampage all over.Losers may be sore and such so its best to keep things fun and control how competitive your employees are. Teach them the importance of playing, not just the importance of winning.Although you would probably never think it, individual sports like skiing, windsurfing, te nnis, ice skating or cycling can be team-building activities as well.Unlike team sports, individual sports will give the employees their much-needed self-space, but they will also allow them to engage in activities together and root for each other which teaches them to support each other in the office too.Individual lessons of sports are an immeasurable experience for every single one of us.By facing the obstacles and the need to expand our own boundaries in order to overcome them, we grow and as we grow, we inspire others to do so as well, so in essence, almost everything can be a team-building activity when you think of it that way.As far as sports are concerned, not all of us are experienced in all kinds of sports so at least one of your employees is bound to try something new and learn something new every time you switch between sports.That way you ensure for all to have memorable experiences which will result in emotional bonding with those who shared that experience with him o r her.CONCLUSIONFrom this spectrum overall, activities can and will always change regarding the change of time and space and circumstances.Establishing a kind of tradition or a style of teaming and working can be set and used as a help and as a way of functioning as a firm, as a one, unified, collective working consciousness.But also, we spend a big part of our lives working so making this collective part of our days a pleasant experience is not just a favor to the boss or the creative path to personal bigger success, but a contribution to our general wellbeing.Enthusiasm, excitement, emotion, and honest motivation are contagious and if they are present and enforced by the leader of the team, they won’t let down the rest of the team, and this is really the only and the best recipe that applies to any and every kind of activities.Thats why, whether youre a boss, a manager, or an employee at the junior position, you should always value team building activities proposed by your coll eagues and never miss out.Even if youre just eager to produce revenue and you dont much care about anything else, you should consider engaging in teamwork and the best way to stay in tune with your team is through team-building.Theres a reason it’s so popular these days and that the leading companies and managers insist on team-building.Other than management reasons, you must admit, its simply fun to do it, so why would you think about it so much. Just relax and enjoy the ride.

5 Team-Building Activities Your Employees Wont Hate

5 Team-Building Activities Your Employees Won’t Hate Working from day to day, from year to year, with the same people can bring a harmonious homey feeling of familiarity at work, but it can also create tension.Engaging workers in activities that at the same time relieve them of stress and bond them can be not only advisable but a must in some types of work.Having a drink after work can cut the edge off a long working day, but experiencing something that will stay a memory connects people on a next level and instead of a mere group, creates a team.But that doesn’t mean that work should become a friendly gathering, right?In most situations it’s not the best idea to bring out Chutes and Ladders as a team activity… just as experience can enhance the prosperity of the team, it can impair it too.Hence, it’s best to choose some activities that aren’t very likely to result with any kind of displeasure.ADRENALINE RUSH AS A WAY OF FORMING A CONNECTIONAs they say, when all are in the same boat, there are no wishes, fights, or even perso nalities or names, just one goal that everyone shares, and that, therefore, connects them outside of any other circumstances.This pattern was found out to be very useful on the grounds of teamwork and can be turned into an amazing spectrum of group activities.There is a number of research that proves that activities which involve increased adrenaline production in all of the participants make a kind of an invisible, but really chemical, bond between these participants.This is why going to see a horror film in the cinema can be a good idea for a first date or why a group of strangers thrown in an unexpected dangerous situation upon the end of it is most likely to feel very close and even stay friends (this is also the reason to why there are so many movies based on this plot).Everyone has their sphere of interests and not everyone is an extreme sports junkie, but this effect of connection through adrenaline can be achieved through various kinds of, more or less intense, activities.Fr om organizing one night in a month for a psychological thriller or a horror movie to going camping or even skydiving…A lot of things can make a tremendous impact on the psychological connection of the invisible web that makes the group and fundamentally correlates with the groups performance.Naturally, it is hard to find an option that will appeal to everyone, but one option that includes all the aforementioned advantages and is usually very enjoyable because it’s more fun and playful than scary and strenuous is paintball.Paintball is an embodiment of teamwork, fun, adrenaline, positive stress and, at the same time, childs play and strategy â€" both individual and group strategy.Its a colorful battle of not bullets, but rainbows that lights up both the grownup and the childlike side in us, and when these two are in balance, we are at ease, as happy and as ready to work as ever.Using adrenaline boost as a group activity can also have a downside of bringing out the animalistic sid e of our behavior to surface which can lead to problems in coworker’s liaisons and the counter-effect of the whole idea.Therefore, it is not advisable to choose these types of occupations as regular ones, except, of course, if they turn out to be a suitable way of group bonding and summing up everything that the group needs from a shared activity with colleagues that, on them, doesn’t leave the same effect as work, but veraciously affects work afterwards.The core question to this topic still remains:Why is it fun to be frightened? Answers circulate between the strengthening that comes after fear, the simple collective sharing of one same feeling regardless of anything else at that moment.For example, imagine having a huge fight with a friend in a forest and all of a sudden seeing a bear â€" the past moment will automatically disappear and the only thing left will be to save your own lives.Of course, some irrevocable laws that our nature as humans consists of are also a big part of us experiencing fear as somewhat pleasant.The answer isn’t simple and that’s the reason why, for better understanding of this matter, there is more research on it than an article can cover.ART AS A CREATIVE OUTFLOW AND A CIRCULATION OF IDEASThere are types of work where creative stimulation can actually lead to a downfall of overall performance if the work itself does not involve any creative thinking and has only focus and mere manufacturing as its main requirement.In this situation, developing creativity in workers can end with them gazing or dazing off, or even growing to find the job unbearable and quitting.But in any type of work that has to do with creative expression, including a painting class as an off-work activity can be a good idea.Depending on the type and style of work, attuning the creative form with the type of work is a multi-productive solution.For instance, if the work has anything to with writing, even communicating through written forms with associates, a class of creative writing, or a book club can provide pleasure as well as performance improvement.Again, it would be ideal to find something that correlates with everyone, or at least most of the team, so as to even make it a tradition, which gives the employees and the whole atmosphere at work another, we could say, familiar color that transforms work from obligation to enjoyment and even mere completing tasks to an utter devotion.The afore-mentioned possible activity from the first paragraph, camping, can be combined with creative energy, the ones who are fond of music can share their passion with others by playing the guitar, others can tell a campfire story or draw postcards.There shouldn’t be a pressure of having to do something, but the best way is to bring this activism culture to work as a natural, but an optional thing.The good side of creative work is that there are hardly any downsides to it or negative outcomes.If a couple of people embrace the idea and engage in some kind of creative work, and especially when they share this energy with others, the rest will most likely just follow and the flow of happiness and bliss created through creativity will overlay the future of collective work for the participants.Another interesting way of direct and psychological bonding of people who work together is to collectively decorate the working space.This can lead to some conflicts so a clever way to use this is to leave it for the time when people in the team connect.People usually take some time to learn to accept each other, and grow to even like each other; at this point organizing a collective makeover of workspace makes for an exciting experience, both a big prize for the team’s performance and a chance to get even closer together.All these solutions have described end results that point the picture of work-life something almost… like a family.But, thinking about it, the biggest and the most successful companies and organizations in the world func tion like that.Too many people are in the same place and somehow they should almost function like an organism to work the best they can, or in other words, to make the company work the best it can.This cant be achieved without a lot of stress, energy, sweat, and toleration invested.That is why it is so important for these kinds of organizations to have a pool, a gym, a pool table and other solutions that most people see as a waste of money, but without these activities, it is sure that the people there wouldn’t be able to perform on such a high level.Of course, it is perfectly expected for workers to have alone time and that it is better for them not to one with a colleague and their work life, but developing enjoyable activities on a level of the group and delivering them at least monthly, or sometimes even yearly, can, without doubt, mean a huge success.The important undeniable fact here is that free creative flow of ideas and productivity in any form improves quality and style of work, and makes people better and feel better which again, itself, improves performance.This can be, depending on the sphere of interests, from playing video games to becoming a part of a local art studio or a workshop. Even cooking together. Source: slideshare.netPUZZLES AND THE CASE OF COLLECTIVE SOLVINGAgain, being trapped in a situation with one goal for all the participants unites them in a quest of resolving the problem of any kind that has to matter to the group in some way, of course.One of probably the easiest and most interesting ways of doing this is through puzzles or any kind of games that involve collective solving.Two heads think better than one, they say.Well, imagine if 10 or more heads brainstormed their way through the revenue build up in your company.How can you engage them in such an activity?Simulate it with games.Games are an important part of human behavior and learning. Not just that, but they can help boost intelligence in youngsters and it certainly cant hurt to engage your employees in such an activity.Even if it doesnt develop intelligence, it can help keep the mind in shape and we all know how much that matters for any kind of business really.Whether its a puzzle game, an elementary maze thin g or a more modern version of it such as escape rooms are, games can have a positive impact on the teamwork in your company.Its not just that they enhance your employees cognitive capacities, but they also give a good opportunity for the employees to get to know each other.Its not just the character of the person, but the temperament as well that matters when cooperating.If you know how they react in different situations, it will be that much easier for you to plan your strategy in both business and gaming.You will know when you can rely on your colleagues and when will your time to take the lead be.We all have different talents and we shine in different opportunities so its best to know both the advantages and disadvantages or, in other words, both the virtues and flaws of your colleagues so that you may find the best way to account for them and prepare your tactics to produce the optimal result of your collective engagement.Games in themselves are simply simulations of existential experience and through those simulations, we bond and we learn.We learn about ourselves as well as about the afore-mentioned existential experience which a fancy way of saying we learn about life.So its not just working experience that matters, but a team-building and gaming experience as well.Maybe they should put that in CVs, huh? CO-OP VIDEO GAMESAlthough competition is a good way to spark the spirits, it can also create tension between your colleagues, so it may we wise to focus on cooperation rather than competition.If your employees are too eager to compete, you can always set them up against the other departments or even other companys employees.That way you create an interesting flux between businesses which can have a positive impact on… everything?Theres a bunch of video games these days designed to teach the players the subtle art of working together to achieve a goal. Instead of setting the players one against the other, these games pose a logical problem that players should work together to overcome.If there is such a thing as a personified enemy instead of a problem, the cooperation games usually antagonize the AI which is a good way to focus the more aggressive and negative discharges of your employees energy. A good example of this would be the Valve Corporations Left 4 Dead.In this shooting game, you get a chance to release that negativity discharge in the midst of the zombie apocalypse where you and your small team of 4 must survive the hordes of zombies and work together to find your way through an apocalypse-desolated world.It not only gives a chance to use all that rage your employees may have suppressed over the course of time, but it also gives them that adrenaline rush that weve already established is important for social bonding.The game is downright scary and its often that your colleagues will have to literally save you from being pinned down by a zombie or such.Needless to say, that will develop some gratitude between your collea gues.The fact that its just a game doesnt matter much because once the emotion is created, even if its simulated, it persists.Use your Xboxes, Playstations, PCs, and whatnot wisely then. Either take your team gaming every once in a while or purchase a couple of game consoles for your workplace.Its a big trend for the leading companies to have game and recreation rooms for their workers to relax. Its a smart thing too, I mean, were not in the 18th-century industrialization surge anymore. Just sitting for 8 hours and staring at your screen is downright dull and stupid so consider upgrading.If your company doesnt yet have the means to provide a recreation room or a few consoles, dont despair. Keep reading.GROUP SPORTS â€" CONSTRUCTIVE OUTFLOW OF ENERGYAn old times golden way of spending time together sports.Much like all the previous team-building activities, sports engage you fully, both mentally and physically.It may be the best team-building activity yet as it engages you in logica l and problem-solving thinking, but it also develops cooperation, teamwork, lateral thinking. It gives you that adrenaline rush for sure.To top the afore-mentioned activities, sports keep your body in a fine-tune which helps release the happy hormone/neurotransmitter dopamine.Thats why we can freely say that sports may be the most complete and one of the oldest team-building activities ever. Source: dsr.wa.gov.auA good old game of basketball, soccer or volleyball (especially if its on the beach) can have an amazing effect and give your colleagues a chance to get to know each other outside of the office.If your colleagues are into something more extreme, you can go on a group sky diving.To spice things up, instead of just playing in the confines of your companys team, you can apply to tournaments and bid your team against other teams.That way, as has been discussed, you reap the fruits of both cooperation and competition urges that we all have buried deep in our primal legacy.Just be careful to articulate the energy flow towards positivity as sometimes sports can get our infantile sides to rampage all over.Losers may be sore and such so its best to keep things fun and control how competitive your employees are. Teach them the importance of playing, not just the importance of winning.Although you would probably never think it, individual sports like skiing, windsurfing, te nnis, ice skating or cycling can be team-building activities as well.Unlike team sports, individual sports will give the employees their much-needed self-space, but they will also allow them to engage in activities together and root for each other which teaches them to support each other in the office too.Individual lessons of sports are an immeasurable experience for every single one of us.By facing the obstacles and the need to expand our own boundaries in order to overcome them, we grow and as we grow, we inspire others to do so as well, so in essence, almost everything can be a team-building activity when you think of it that way.As far as sports are concerned, not all of us are experienced in all kinds of sports so at least one of your employees is bound to try something new and learn something new every time you switch between sports.That way you ensure for all to have memorable experiences which will result in emotional bonding with those who shared that experience with him o r her.CONCLUSIONFrom this spectrum overall, activities can and will always change regarding the change of time and space and circumstances.Establishing a kind of tradition or a style of teaming and working can be set and used as a help and as a way of functioning as a firm, as a one, unified, collective working consciousness.But also, we spend a big part of our lives working so making this collective part of our days a pleasant experience is not just a favor to the boss or the creative path to personal bigger success, but a contribution to our general wellbeing.Enthusiasm, excitement, emotion, and honest motivation are contagious and if they are present and enforced by the leader of the team, they won’t let down the rest of the team, and this is really the only and the best recipe that applies to any and every kind of activities.Thats why, whether youre a boss, a manager, or an employee at the junior position, you should always value team building activities proposed by your coll eagues and never miss out.Even if youre just eager to produce revenue and you dont much care about anything else, you should consider engaging in teamwork and the best way to stay in tune with your team is through team-building.Theres a reason it’s so popular these days and that the leading companies and managers insist on team-building.Other than management reasons, you must admit, its simply fun to do it, so why would you think about it so much. Just relax and enjoy the ride.

Dark Chocolate - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1459 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Why is Dark Chocolate Healthy? : Chocolate is made from plants, which means it contains many of the health benefits of dark vegetables. These benefits are from flavonoids, which act as antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body from aging caused by free radicals, which can cause damage that leads to heart disease. Dark chocolate contains a large number of antioxidants (nearly 8 times the number found in strawberries). Flavonoids also help relax blood pressure through the production of nitric oxide, and balance certain hormones in the body. Heart Health Benefits of Dark Chocolate: Dark chocolate is good for your heart. A small bar of it everyday can help keep your heart and cardiovascular system running well. Two heart health benefits of dark chocolate are: * Lower Blood Pressure: Studies have shown that consuming a small bar of dark chocolate everyday can reduce blood pressure in individuals with high blood pressure. * Lower Cholesterol: Dark chocolate has also been shown to reduce LDL cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) by up to 10 percent. Other Benefits of Dark Chocolate: Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dark Chocolate" essay for you Create order Chocolate also holds benefits apart from protecting your heart: * it tastes good * it stimulates endorphin production, which gives a feeling of pleasure * it contains serotonin, which acts as an anti-depressant * it contains theobromine, caffeine and other substances which are stimulants Doesnt Chocolate Have a lot of Fat? : Here is some more good news some of the fats in chocolate do not impact your cholesterol. The fats in chocolate are 1/3 oleic acid, 1/3 stearic acid and 1/3 palmitic acid: * Oleic Acid is a healthy monounsaturated fat that is also found in olive oil. Stearic Acid is a saturated fat but one which research is shows has a neutral effect on cholesterol. * Palmitic Acid is also a saturated fat, one which raises cholesterol and heart disease risk. That means only 1/3 of the fat in dark chocolate is bad for you. Chocolate Tip 1 Balance the Calories: This information doesnt mean that you should eat a pound of chocolate a day. Chocolate is still a high-calorie, high-fat food. Most of the studies done used no more than 100 grams, or about 3. 5 ounces, of dark chocolate a day to get the benefits. One bar of dark chocolate has around 400 calories. If you eat half a bar of chocolate a day, you must balance those 200 calories by eating less of something else. Cut out other sweets or snacks and replace them with chocolate to keep your total calories the same. Chocolate Tip 2 Taste the Chocolate: Chocolate is a complex food with over 300 compounds and chemicals in each bite. To really enjoy and appreciate chocolate, take the time to taste it. Professional chocolate tasters have developed a system for tasting chocolate that include assessing the appearance, smell, feel and taste of each piece. Chocolate Tip 3 Go for Dark Chocolate: Dark chocolate has far more antioxidants than milk or white chocolate. These other two chocolates cannot make any health claims. Dark chocolate has 65 percent or higher cocoa content. Chocolate Tip 4 Skip the Nougat: You should look for pure dark chocolate or dark chocolate with nuts, orange peel or other flavorings. Avoid anything with caramel, nougat or other fillings. These fillings are just adding sugar and fat which erase many of the benefits you get from eating the chocolate. Chocolate Tip 5 Avoid Milk: It may taste good but some research shows that washing your chocolate down with a glass of milk could prevent the antioxidants being absorbed or used by your body. Next Anti-Aging Food: Avocados While chocolate is regularly eaten for pleasure, there are potential beneficial health effects of eating chocolate. Cocoa or dark chocolate benefits the circulatory system. [49] commonly comes in dark, milk, and white varieties, with cocoa solids contributing we use the luxuriously smooth Belgian chocolate, and it is organic too. Belgian chocolate is very different to common chocolate, in that Belgian chocolate uses all the cocoa bean rather than substituting other ingredients. The result is a smooth and full flavoured chocolate that is actually good for your health. once described as the food of the gods Chocolate is such a wonderful thing, healthy and pleasurable. the secret is to eat better chocolate, not more chocolate. FOR skin: Chocolate increases the skins ability to block the damaging rays of sun light. Chocolate doubles the blood flow to the skin. elp protect it from sun damage skin that is moister, smoother, better-looking, and more resistant to damage from the sun’s burning UV rays. eating dark chocolate can help you lose weight   FOR children: What is more important than your childrens health? And as a parent how difficult is it to make sure what your child is eating is healthy? With obesity statistics hitting record highs, we need to think differently on how to provide the healthiest pro ducts for our children. A daily supply of one of these dark chocolates is the equivalent to your child eating 13 lbs (5. kg) of tomatoes or 7 lbs of spinach. Feel Good Benefits In addition to preventing chronic illness and being healthy for your heart, dark chocolate also makes you feel good. One way it makes you feel good is simply from the way it tastes – most people think its delicious! However, dark chocolate also stimulates endorphin production, which gives a feeling of pleasure and contains serotonin, which acts as an anti-depressant. Some people report that the feel good benefits of dark chocolate are incredibly strong and immediate upon consumption. A significantly large There are significant health benefits to dark chocolate. According to research studies, chocolate provides clues to fighting disease. Your health and well-being can be enhanced while you savor and enjoy chocolate. Below, you’ll see how research involving chocolate consumption can help conditions such as high cholesterol, heart disease and high blood pressure. Chocolate and Cancer The same antioxidants found in wine and green tea are found in raw cacao and dark chocolate. Antioxidants protect cells from toxins, slow the growth of cancer cells, and help reduce cancer risks and heart disease. The greater the amount of cacao contained in chocolate, the more antioxidants it has. (Note: White chocolate does not contain antioxidants, so look for dark chocolate instead). Chocolate and Cholesterol While many foods high in saturated fats are known to raise cholesterol levels, studies have shown that chocolate consumption does not. This is due to the type of saturated fat   chocolate contains. Less harmful saturated fat in one’s diet means plaque that can gather in the arteries. In fact, studies have shown that dark chocolate may in fact boost good cholesterol. Chocolate and Depression The fat naturally found in chocolate helps provide a feeling of enjoyment and satisfaction, releasing mood-enhancing endorphins. Chocolate also may help relieve symptoms of anxiety. It   is thought to have an opiate effect   that may help improve mood. A study conducted on patients who were depressed showed that the dark chocolate provided relief from their symptoms. Chocolate and Circulation Since the chemicals in dark chocolate help prevent the formation blood platelets, the chance of blood clots is minimized. In addition, blood pressure may be lowered with a regular consumption of dark chocolate each day. This is a result of the flavonoids present in cacao that help with circulation. Keep in mind that flavonoids are lower in milk chocolate than dark chocolate. How Much Chocolate Can You Have? Include 1 ounce of dark chocolate per day to your diet. Select your chocolate carefully, ensuring that there are no refined sugars or hydrogenated oils, which have undesirable health effects. Also, look for   a high percentage of cacao (70% or above). Remember that chocolate does have calories, so make necessary modifications to your calorie intake A Dark Chocolate a Day Keeps the Doctor Away Eating a small, 1. 6-ounce bar of dark chocolate every day is good for you. Very good for you Many people dont realize that chocolate is plant-derived, as are the fruits and vegetables recommended for a healthy heart While a little dark chocolate is good, a lot is not better. Chocolate still is loaded with calories. If youre going to eat more chocolate, youll have to cut back somewhere else. And remember that a balanced diet and plenty of exercise is still the key to heart health. Do you live  a dark chocolate life, like I do? Do you feel that if the chocolate is not dark, its not worth it? Or that the darker the chocolate, the better? Does every day usually include at least one little piece of the dark stuff? If this describes you, then you have arrived at the right place! If youre trying to lose weight, or maintain your health and just simply love chocolate say this means eating dark chocolate may be an efficient way to keep your weight down over Christmas.

Racism Related Murders - 1416 Words

A murder of a black teen on November 23, 2012 at a local gas station in Florida was a tragic event, Michael Dunn a white middle-aged male opened fire on a car containing four unarmed black teens his reasoning for firing openly on the teens was he claimed he felt threatened because the teenagers choice of music which was rap and the loud volume they were playing it. He openly fired on these innocent teens because they were doing something he did not care for, along with him stereotyping the teens because they were black and had fatefully chosen to play rap music rather loudly he felt threatened by their freedom of speech to play whatever music they so choose without having to be in fear. As generations evolve cases such as these should not be a present thing in our country, these cases are less and less but still one case is too many cases this issue of racial profiling and harm because of it should be extinct in today’s society. His doing so caused the death of one of the teens Jordan Davis a 17-yearold high school student who had a whole future ahead of him. After he shot these teens he then nonchalantly went along with his business as if he had not shot the teens never once calling the police or giving a second thought to the wellbeing of the teens he had recklessly endangered and even murdered one. Dunn claims he opened fire on the teens because he felt threatened even though it was later found out that the teens were unarmed and had never even left their vehicle. TheShow MoreRelatedThe Stephan Lawrence Case875 Words   |  3 Pages One of the recommendations is related to the monitoring and the assessment of the police work by the leadership in order to eliminate the prejudice and ensuring fairness police policy. First of all, elimination of racism should be done among the police officers. It must be a challenge to promote anti-discriminatory practice enclosed in the legal framework (Dalal, 2012). The prevention and the recording of the racial incidents consist of encouraging the population to report any hate crime. FurthermoreRead MoreTheories About The Adolescence : Erikson Adolescence926 Words   |  4 PagesIt is very common in our society change from child to adult this marked by certain expectations in relation not only to their gender roles but also their social status comprising a wide variety of stages in life. In adolescence a crisis that is related to the life cycle occurs, is a stage of human development, in which important psychological, biological and social changes are evident; usually sudden an d rapid changes. With an accelerated pace creates anxiety and delayed rhythm creating anxiety andRead MoreThe Death of Emmett Till 1128 Words   |  5 PagesThere are several views of the murder of Emmett Till regarding the topic of whether or not he received justice. Emmett Till, a fourteen-year-old boy, was murdered purely based on racism, because he was killed for â€Å"wolf-whistling† at a white woman in August 1955. He was brutally murdered after being nearly beaten to death and having his eyes gouged out. When Roy Bryant and J.W. Milam, two people involved in Till’s manslaughter, were placed on trial for his murder, they were pronounced innocentRead MoreSocial Justice, And The Demonization Of Young African American Men : Implications For Leadership871 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Today’s society cannot escape the deep rooted emotions and experiences related to racial tensions, specifically those concerning interactions between African-Americans and Caucasians. It seems as though young African American men are consistently, violently murdered by Caucasian law enforcement officers at epidemic proportions. These violent murders warrant miniscule rationale, and it is rare that perpetrating law enforcement officers receive repercussions for their treacherously negligentRead MoreRacism : The Black Lives Matter1202 Words   |  5 Pagestherefore, has been labeled as racism in today s society. Racism has been and still is an issue in America, lately being spiked by the Black Lives Matter movement. Black Lives Matter is a proclamation made by the general population of African Americans that were enraged by the killings of African Americans by white police officers. Racism has been a major issue in the past and still majorly affects today s society with new forms. Slavery is a form of this racism in the United States that has beenRead MoreSegregation and Racism in the United States Essay784 Words   |  4 PagesJust fifty years ago, America was a society of segregation and racism. The dictionary defines racism as â€Å"the belief that a particular race is superior to another.† Although it is clear times have changed, racism is still seen in modern american society. It’s also clear that relationships between African Americans and whites are generally better than they were in the forties and fifties. Today, it is rare to witness a black man walk down the street and step off the sidewalk to let a white man walkRead MoreThe Innocent By Richard Wright And Maria1679 Words   |  7 Pagespsychological torment that partially vindicates him from the crime. This is also true of Maria’s murder of Otto to protect Leonard from getting killed during a fistfight, since Otto had psychologically and physically abused her. Maria’s case is more compelling than Bigger’s, but they both share the underlying hierarchical abuse of society and the psychological torment that vindicates the traumatic outburst that lead to murder. These criminal acts define certain circumstances in which â€Å"crimes of passions† areRead MoreThe Service of Three Different Discriminatory Practices in Health and Social Settings1455 Words   |  6 Pagesand social care system. One type of discrimination which occurs regularly is Racism. Racism can be defined as possessing certain views, carrying out practices or actions which reflect the belief that humanity is divided into ‘groups’ and that members of a certain ‘race’ share certain attributes which make that group as a whole less desirable, more desirable, inferior or superior. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism 17/05/13 Sadly, some individuals take their views too far and have acted out violentRead MoreVincent Chin and Post-9/11 Victims: Travesty of Justice1514 Words   |  6 Pagesvery similar. In both cases, intolerant Americans wrongly identified their targets. Japanese-Americans and American Muslims had nothing to do with American economic crisis in 1980s or 9/11. Also, in both cases, minority group members not directly related to the alleged culprits of American economic recession and 9/11 were targeted. Vincent Chin was not Japanese and some victims of post-9/11 hate a ttack were non-Muslims and non-Arabs. Public civic leaders contributed to the hate crime in both casesRead MoreArc Of Justice : A Saga Of Race, Civil Rights, And Murder1160 Words   |  5 PagesRights, and Murder in the Jazz Age. Henry Holt and Company, 2004. I. Thesis: a) I believe that the author’s motivation for writing the book was to shine a light on an important historical event. Arc of Justice was the first book written to document the story of the Sweet family. Not only does the story explain the trial of Ossian and Gladys Sweet regarding their home, but is also a testament to the terrors of racial prejudice. b) How does the case of Ossian and Gladys Sweet reveal the racism of the

Reflections Of A Nursing Student - 926 Words

Reflections of a Nursing Student Chibuzor Eronini University of Alberta Reflections of a Nursing Student The interdisciplinary course is an essential pre-requisite for after degree nursing students. As a final year nursing student, I believe this course will help me to acquire the skills necessary for inter-professional practice. Furthermore, I will be able to develop competencies necessary to provide patient-centered care. For my classroom experience, my team members and I have been studying the Mabel video series and reflecting on various aspects of care on a multidisciplinary team, Mabel is a patient who suffers a stroke and has multiple interactions with the health care system and members of her treatment team. Viewing this video series has been full of surprises. For example, I was really surprised at the level of role overlap that exists among various health professions, like occupational therapists and speech language pathologists. Role overlap occurs when tasks can be performed by various members of a team and is an importa nt feature of successful teams. It ensures the smooth operation of the team because members can easily fill in for each other (Guadine Lamb, 2015). I believe this information is useful because it will help me to effectively manage my time by utilising the expertise of other professionals. Team members were also able to participate in a simulation of a rapid round. Each profession provides a brief summary of the client’s assessmentShow MoreRelatedReflection of Nursing Student1449 Words   |  6 PagesREFLECTIVE JOURNAL As a second year nursing student I felt mixed emotions of excitement and anxiety when I was thinking about my upcoming clinical placement because even though I have been working as a patient care assistant at Royal Darwin Hospital for a year and had already undergone clinical teaching block for one week . The responsibility of being a nurse is big and much complex than my current job [1.2 Fulfils the duty of care] especially when handling assigned patients. Thus, need to haveRead MoreNursing Reflection as a Student Nurse642 Words   |  3 Pagesa reflective account on an event that I, a student nurse encountered whilst on my second clinical placement in my first year of study. The event took place in a Fountain Nursing Home in Granite City. I have chosen to give thought to the event described in this essay as I feel that it highlights the need for nurses to have effective communication skills especially when treating patients that are suffering with a mental illness. Upon arrivi ng to the Nursing home for the second time on Thursday NovemberRead MoreReflection: Nursing and Professional Student Nurse2071 Words   |  9 Pagesincident took place at a local Hospital during my thirty weeks placement. In order to help me with my reflection I have chosen Gibbs (1988), as the model to help guide my reflective process. This is an iterative model with six stopping points, using these stopping points as headings; I will be able to reflect fully on the incident. So, what is reflection? According to Reid (1993), â€Å"reflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and so informRead MoreThe Theory Of Reflective Practice Within Healthcare And Nursing894 Words   |  4 Pagestheory of reflective practice within healthcare and nursing. Furthermore, the essay will identify and analyse the different models of reflective practice, the effectiveness of the models and how healthcare professionals can apply this within their profession. Also, the barriers that may prevent a healthcare professional from reflecting will be discussed in this essay and how it will impact the quality of care delivered to patients. Reflection and reflective practice can be defined in many ways.Read MoreThe Importance Of Reflection And How It Aids The Professional Development Of A Newly Graduated Nurse1622 Words   |  7 PagesThere are many demanding professional adjustments when transitioning from student nurse to graduate nurse and the use of refection during this time is said to be a very important tool in guiding the learning process. It is common in the field of nursing to utilise reflection to critically analyse certain experiences and reflect on how they made them feel and react. This involves looking deeper into a particular experience and deciding what was good, what was bad and what would be a better courseRead MoreDebriefing Simulation As A Reflective Tool1034 Words   |  5 PagesDebriefing in the simulation as a reflective tool Simulation is one kind of reflective tool that widely use in nursing education. National League for Nursing (NLN) described that simulation was a teaching technique that encouraged students to use and apply their theoretical knowledge in clinical scenarios (2015). NLN (2015) also mentioned that â€Å"simulation engages learners with diverse perspectives to reflect and reframe the understanding of practice, bringing thinking and doing together† (p. 4)Read MoreReflection And How It Aids Professional Development Within Nursing917 Words   |  4 PagesTheir are many demanding professional adjustments when transitioning from student nurse to graduate nurse and the use of refection during this time is said to be a very important tool in guiding the learning process especially in the transition of a student nurse into a graduated registered nurse. It is common in the field of nursing to utilise reflective journalling to critically analyse certain experiences and reflect on how the y made them feel and react. This involves looking deeper into a particularRead MoreConstructivist Learning Theory And Nursing Practice1520 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction As the demand for nursing education grows and with the rapidly advancing roles of nursing, educators need to stay up-to-date. â€Å"Theory-based practice provides nurses with a perspective† (Parker, 2006, p.28). With the comprehension and use of educational theories, nursing educators can support student knowledge and development into practice. These theories are outlines of cohesive concepts and principals that describe, explain, or predict how people learn. Every one learns differentlyRead MoreReflective Practice : An Essential Attribute For The Development Of Autonomous, Critical And Advanced Practitioners1627 Words   |  7 PagesReflection is an essential attribute for the development of autonomous, critical and advanced practitioners. It is the ability to examine one’s actions and experiences in order to enhance individual clinical knowledge and nursing practice. Reflection is a professional motivator to â€Å"move on and do better with one’s practiceà ¢â‚¬ , with the common goal of learning from one’s experiences and examining oneself (Caldwell Grobbel, 2013). According to Chong (2009), â€Å"reflective practice should be a continuousRead MoreThe Benefits Of Active Learning And Student Centered Teaching Strategies Improve Motivation And Performance Among Nursing Students1173 Words   |  5 PagesIncrease Nursing Student Motivation â€Å"Passive recipients of face-to-face instructor designed and led classes† was how traditional education students were viewed (McGarry, Theobald, Lewis, Coyer, 2015, p. 967). The researchers understood the challenges nurse educators faced in engaging students and cultivating new nursing graduates with skills benefitting societal and professional sustainability. The aim of this paper is to determine by integrative review whether active learning and student-centered

Formal Language Essay Research Paper Formal Language free essay sample

Formal Language Essay, Research Paper Formal Language V. Informal Language: A Comparison Formal and informal linguistic communication affects us mundane. To some people, the differences are really elusive, and the demand to utilize a more formal manner or vocabulary is non-existent. As a society the type of linguistic communication that is used, whether it be formal or informal, is straight dependent on the civilization and imposts that are the most prevailing. In the age of telecasting and the Internet, the demand to pass on to the audience at its degree has degraded the degree of formality needed in order to talk. Although the increasing sum of informality used has greatly impacted society s standard linguistic communication, it has left the professional universe virtually unaffected. The art of talking officially is melting fast. However, it is of import to retrieve that even though society s end is to pass on to the multitudes every bit easy as possible, there is still a demand to keep onto some formality within society s linguistic communication accomplishments. When larning a foreign linguistic communication, one of the first things learned is the difference between talking to one s equals and seniors. In Gallic, Spanish and Nipponese these formal tones are brought out in the linguistic communication s verb and noun signifiers. For case, French has a particular signifier, tu, which is used for covering with people that are equals who are on the same professional and age degrees. Meanwhile, the vous signifier is reserved for talking to socially of import people and those who are older than the talker. The Nipponese linguistic communication is similar to Gallic in that when talking to familiar people and friends, the chan stoping is added onto a individual s name to convey out the acquaintance. The chan signifier is evidently an informal stoping much like English-speaking people use footings of endearment like honey or beloved. However, while English-speaking people may non be offended by the usage of footings of endearment, to utilize chan w ould be really contemptuous unless the relationship was understood by both people to be on an informal footing. To contrast the degree of informality that is used in the United States, in England it is uncommon and perchance piquing to utilize a individual s foremost name until a comfy relationship has developed between two people. In yearss gone past the formal scene in the instruction system in the United States greatly resembled that of England. Nowadays, it is non uncommon to name instructors by monikers. As an illustration, in about every American high school there is at least one instructor that is known by a moniker instead Mr. or Mrs. Doe. Even though this is acceptable to the instructor and their pupils, it leaves a residue that can connote that the nicknamed instructor is one of the pupils and does non necessitate the same sum of regard that other instructors may demand. Therefore pupils perceive from an early age that regard is non of import in school and besides that school is an informal topographic point compared to traveling to church. If pupils are larning informality at school for eight hours per school twenty-four hours and at dark their parents systematically reinforce it in their attitudes, it is non difficult to fi neodymium at least one beginning where informality is taught to be acceptable. The movie and telecasting industry accidentally compounds this built-in deficiency of regard by portraying instructors as saps and the about changeless usage of derogatory linguistic communication when a instructor is being radius of. Television and the film industry have straight affected the displacement into the usage of informal linguistic communication. Both have ends to pass on to monolithic Numberss of people, while trying to talk in a manner that even the mean individual can understand without a big vocabulary or a great sum of instruction. Due to these ends non merely does society hear informal linguistic communication invariably, but it besides reads it in print everyday. For illustration, the Minot Daily News is a major newspaper in North Dakota, nevertheless it does non take its coverage earnestly. On norm, a individual twenty-four hours s paper contains more than ten spelling mistakes, at least five grammar mistakes, and many more that go unobserved by the reader s oculus. This may look to be undistinguished or even a grammatically clean newspaper, but it merely further reinforces the acceptableness on informal linguistic communication in a professional scene. For some unknown ground, while society is pounded by informal linguistic communication the commercial, governmental and medical Fieldss have non deteriorated even though these people are still surrounded and impacted by informal linguistic communication all the clip. The implicit in ground for the criterion of formality on the occupation has remained unchanged, may be because of society s position on these people. While a instructor is seen as a individual who can be dealt with informally, it is rare that a physician would be treated with the same regard as the instructor would be. Writers are stereotyped as being really formal and lingual people even though they still watch the same telecasting plans as the individual who works in the fabric factory. The difference being is that physicians and authors are perceived by society to execute and pass on at higher criterions than society as a whole. This can be because these professionals normally carry more sophisticated grades of instruction than the whole of society and that the type of instruction received is really formal and professional. The formality used in concern and medical specialty is a mark of regard to both parties. When looking at how many jobs that society faces, it is a sensible inq uiry to inquire how many of them could be solved by either utilizing formal linguistic communication decently to demo regard. Overall the increasing usage of informal linguistic communication may non be changed or slowed in the hereafter. However, more accent demands to be placed on the demand within society to utilize a more formal linguistic communication. Everyone is responsible in relaying this message and implementing so that as a society the built-in regard that is given when utilizing formal linguistic communication is non lost. Respect to one s equals is really of import in every civilization and formal linguistic communication usage is one effectual manner for it to be given. Therefore, while society is pushed into more generalised sense of being, it needs to recognize that in order to work it must break the lines and regulations of formal and informal linguistic communication.

Carib Studies Ia Essay Example

Carib Studies Ia Essay Acknowledgement Nobly, the researcher would like to bestow gratitude to all who has helped me in the completion of this Internal Assessment. Gratitude and appreciation to, God most of all, because without him theres is no ability to complete something. He helped to guide the researcher and helped her put away her indolence and complete her study effectively. The youngest sister of the researcher deserves appreciation because she helped the researcher in getting references and gathering the essential for this project. Much love to you, Lisan. To all those such as my peers and respondents to my questionnaire, Merci. Hope to submissively return the favour one day. Introduction Locale: Urban Parish: St. Ann School Code: 06063 Gender: Female School Organization: Whole Day Size: Class III Attendance Rate: 92% Capacity: 1000 Enrolment: 950 Number of Teachers: 41 Pupil/Teacher Ratio: 24:1 Owned by: Anglican Church Socio-Economic Context St. Hilda’s Diocesan High School for girls was established by the Anglican Church in 1906 as a small day school run by the Deaconesses. In 1917, it was named The Diocesan High School for Girls and moved to its present site in 1922. It was given the present name in 1927. St. Hilda’s is located in Browns Town, St. Ann. It is a medium sized boarding school with approximately 950 students, and it has a capacity of 1000. With 41 teachers, the student teacher ratio is 24:1. The school’s average daily attendance is 92 per cent. Students are from mixed socio economic backgrounds drawn from all over the island and include a few who are not Jamaicans. Many parents are unemployed but some are professionals. Some work in the hotel industry, some are farmers. We will write a custom essay sample on Carib Studies Ia specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Carib Studies Ia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Carib Studies Ia specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The school motto: Res Severa Verum Gaudium (Hard work brings true joy) is a source of inspiration for staff and students alike and summarizes the school’s general attitude towards its endeavours and accomplishments. St. Hilda’s High school gets valuable support from business and community organizations in the forms of donations and scholarships. Its high academic standard is complemented by a rich cultural heritage which is showcased in its annual Eisteddfod. In 2010, the school was placed fourth in the ‘All Together Sing’ choir competition and came first in Bob Marley’s Song Arrangement Competition. For the latter, the school received a replica of the icon’s guitar. Intervention programmes like ‘Young women of Change’ give support to students with emotional and social needs. Statement of problem What is the extent of racism at St. Hilda’s Diocesan High, Brown’s Town? Aims and objectives Racism is vastly evident at this institution. The completion of this IA will therefore determine: The extent of racism at the institution The influence of racism at the institution The consequences of racism at the institution Literature review Racism is the ideologies of social processes which discriminate against people based solely on the basis of their belonging to different ethnicity. It should be noted that some sociologists such as Parsons, think that people are primarily socialized to be racist. The influencing factors of racism are: parents, siblings, peers, schools, governmental officials, religion, mass media and many others’ (Solomos, 1993, Har alambos and Holborn, 2004). ‘Racial disadvantages are a result of the differences in cultural characteristics that do not coincide with the norms and values of the upper class’ (Smith, N. D adopted from Mustapha, 2009). for integration in the creolization process to take place multi- culturalism and plurality of cultures must be first accepted in order to reduce racial stigmatization (Braithwaite, adopted from Mustapha, 2009). ‘Similarly, functionalists aim for a cultural consensus for a consequential balanced and functional society’ (Kirby,1997 adopted from Haralambas and Holborn, 2004). Marx, however, views racism as a belief system used to legitimize the exploitation of the lower class citizens by the upper class. ‘ Some sociologists even believe that if capitalism had not developed then racial prejudice, in question, would not exist’ (Kirby et. l 1997; Cox, 1970, Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). ‘Interactionists believes that racial con flict was a result of the deficiency in communication about the variation in the self-conceptualization. In society, race and ethnicity are viewed as variable because they are often being discussed’ (Lal, 1998; Kirby, 1997, Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). ‘Racism was used to validate slavery during colonialism’ (Roleff, 1991). ‘In the 19th century, indentured workers were bought to Trinidad to supplant the Africans on the plantations and there was an immediate awareness of the ethnic differences. Hence, social stratification in the plantation society was based on the differences in the race in society. Therefore, race is one of the fundamental factors behind class division in society. ’ (Brereton, 1979 adopted from Reddock and Barrow, 2001). ‘The term race was first used in the 15th century but only grew in importance with the relation to the development of liberalism bought a sense of identity to people, which was intended to bring further improvement of society, along with equality’ (Golberg, Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). Whites in society being superior encouraged racism and racist beliefs in society and the racism led to the limitations in the social life chances of proletariats’ (Golberg, Haralambos and Holborn) ‘Segregation and discrimination in society are also the results of racism’ (Haralambos and Holborn, 20004). ‘Policies can be formulated to enclose equal opportunities and cultural integration such as the Race and Rel ations Acts’ (Haralambos and Holborn, 2004). ‘The Creolization Thesis proposes the governments can promote cultural assimilation and integration in order to have syncretism. A variety of the cultural traits blended together to form a new culture that is satisfactory for all members of society’ (Braithwaite, 1971, Mustapha, 2009). Research Design The term research design may be defined as the scientific data collected. It is from research that theories are derived. Quantitative data was the selected research data since it is general, objective and value free. The statistics of the data gathered can be easily quantified and is used to support the findings of research. Questionnaires were used because they are used for obtaining particular instruments for data collection. The data gathered from the questionnaires would be easily quantified and displayed in various figures and diagrams. The study is based on the degree of the existence of racism at St. Hilda’s Diocesan High. To effectively complete this project, the study was done during the period of November 20th to November 30, 2012. In order to attain data randomly, the sample population was selected by process. Two out of the fifty questionnaires presented were separately distributed to students from each grade level and class with permission from the school principal and form teachers. Sample A sample may be defined as a portion of a large population and it is often used to represent the large population. For this study, random sampling was used. So two out of fifty questionnaires were to distributed 2 students from each class from each grade level, who willingly participated in the study. This would be considered systematic random sampling. It is considered as such because the subject units were chosen in a logical order. The method of sampling is practical because it is time effective when selecting the same from a large population. Data Collection Instrument Questionnaires were used to collect data. The use of questionnaires was both cost effective and time effective. The use of questionnaires assured the maintenance of increased objectivity and the accuracy in the study. The data gathered from the questionnaires can be easily quantified. Questionnaire Gender male female How old are you? To what ethnicity do you belong? African Chinese American Mixed Do you know what racism is? If yes, explain. Do you think racism exists at St. Hilda’s Diocesan High? Please explain the reason for your answer. How prevalent is racism at St. Hilda’s Diocesan High? Great extent not a great extent non-existent Does racism at school affect you? If yes, in what way. Would you consider yourself racist? Would you consider any of your friends as racists? Explain answers for both number 7 and 8. Have you ever been involved in any racist activity? Please account for your answer. Have you ever been a victim of racism? If so, how: Persons provoke you about your ethnicity and religion persons ignore your existence and humanity persons demean your ancestry and heritage other. Please specify. Does anyone at your school instigate racism? If so, who: academic staff peers principal ancillary staff Do you think racism has a negative impact on students? If yes, in what way: causing students to fail academically because of low self-esteem and confidence emotionally scarring students, especially the younger ones, for life If other, specify. What are some of the methods that could be used to eliminate or reduce racism at St. Hilda’s? How do you think the school on a whole can benefit from the reduction or elimination of racism? Presentation of Findings Figure 1: Students affected and not affected by racism Figure 2: Been vs. haven’t been victims of racism. Figure 3: ways students were victims of racism Figure 4: racism is instigated/ not instigated Figure 5: Does racism has or doesn’t have a negative impact on students? Analysis and Discussion of Findings As seen in figure 1, 10% isn’t affected by racism while 90% is. This shows that generally, a large percentage of students are affected by racism at St. Hilda’s Diocesan High. The concept behind this question was to ascertain whether multi- culturalism and plurality of cultures are accepted, in order to reduce racial stigmatization as Braithwaite claimed it must in order for integration and prober flow of communication. Without proper communication students’ learning and interpretation of certain matters will be affected. Figure 2 shows the percentage of students who have been victims of racism at St. Hilda’s Diocesan High. The diagram is based on information received from the related question from the questionnaire. The diagram shows that 80% have been and 20% haven’t. figure 3, displays the percentage and different ways in which students are victimized by racism. Its displays that 10% persons demean their ancestry and heritage, 40%, persons provoke them about their ethnicity and religion and 50%, persons ignore their existence and humanity. Figure 4, 5% said no racism isn’t instigated, while a mighty 95% said it is. When asked how and by who, a large number of students stated that it is instigated by the principal in the way she treats certain students because of either their grades or their light coloured skin. One student notably wrote that she thought about becoming a racist so many times because of the way the principal treated her different from all other students. She notably stated that she is of Chinese ethnicity and is academically well of as she is a prefect at the school. She states that ometimes she thinks she is better than other students academically and when it comes to beauty because of how Mrs Johnson, her principal idolizes her. Also certain things that Mrs Johnson would say instilled some kind of racial feelings inside her. This indeed proves that racism is instigated and goes back to: ‘Racism was used to validate slavery during colonialism’ (Roleff, 1991). ‘In the 19th centu ry, indentured workers were bought to Trinidad to supplant the Africans on the plantations and there was an immediate awareness of the ethnic differences. Hence, social stratification in the plantation society was based on the differences in the race in society. Therefore, race is one of the fundamental factors behind class division in society. ’ (Brereton, 1979 adopted from Reddock and Barrow, 2001). This could cause class division yes because this student might think so highly of herself that she will be-little others as it were in slavery days. Also, racism was instigated by planters to cause division and immediate distinction between owner and slaves. Maybe this is the similar to what Mrs Johnson is doing, separating brighter and prettier students from the rest so the less intelligent or less beautiful one will feel inferior as the slaves did to the whites. All this adds to what is seen in Figure 5. There are 8o% of students who are affected negatively by racism and 20% which aren’t. this incorporates Brerton’s prospective on racial and ethnic discrimination, racism between slaves from other ethnic groups based on stratification. Also with regards to Figure 3, Marx perspective that racism is a belief system used to legitimize the exploitation of the lower class can be applied. Students who say they are affected by racism are those who are may belong to different social classes in social hierarchy or may belong to different ethnic groups than those who are not affected. Certain students who are affected may also be considered less academically accomplished to those who are not. Racism has negative effects on students as shown in Figure 5. This according to Lal, is that interactionists believe that racial conflicts were a result of the deficiency in communication about the variation in self- conceptualization. Conclusion In conclusion, racism impacts negatively on the lives of the young ladies of St. Hilda’s Diocesan High. Racism negatively affects school interaction, and behaviour of these young ladies. However, as Braithwaite indicates, through formulation of policies, the Government can promote cultural assimilation and integration in order to have syncretism. A variety of cultural traits blended together to form a new culture that is satisfactory for all students of the St. Hilda’s Diocesan High School. Bibliography Barrow C and Reddock R, (Eds. ), 2001 Caribbean Sociology: Introductory Recordings. Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers Ltd. Haralambos, M and Holborn, M (Eds. ) 2004 Sociology: Themes and Perspectives. London: Harper Collins Publishers Ltd. Mustapha, N (Eds) 2009. Sociology for Caribbean Students. Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers Ltd. Kerwin, C and Jackson, I, 1996. Sociology for Caribbean Students, Volume 1. Kingston: Ian Randle Publishers Ltd. Table of Contents Topic Page Acknowledgement Introduction Statement of problem Literature review Research design Sample Data collection instrument Presentation of findings Analysis and discussion of findings Recommendations Limitations Conclusion Bibliography bRecommendations The researcher would recommend: The government implement some non- racist movement within all schools The government go about implementing ways to encourage students in schools and fire any employee at the school who encourages racism The school’s chairman visit the school more often and see just what is going on there, ask the students their opinions on the matter discussed and go about making changes Students appeal to authorities who might help them on the matter Limitations Within the completion of this project the researcher didn’t have any limitations. All resources were at hand especially at home. The researcher should proudly say that she put these resources to good use. This project was well organized and put together because of this. He researcher hopes all readers and the examiner feels the same.

Larry Summers Memo essays

Larry Summers Memo essays A controversy exists whether the World Bank should be encouraging migration of dirty industries to less-developed countries. Larry Summer challenges that the World Bank should persuade such a migration. Others contend that these less-developed countries, despite their economic plight, should not be coerced into harboring dirty industries, a position I support. (A1) In his first argument Summer wants to force a sudden increase in pollution, which would cause an improvement in the economy, of lower wage countries. Summer justifies his beliefs by giving an example of circumstantial as hominem. He states, Health impairing pollution should by done in the country with lowest cost, which will be the country with the lowest wages. An assumption is made by Summer, where he concludes that lowest cost countries will have the lower wages. He concludes by saying, these low wage countries should contain high pollution. The premise of Summers argument is assumed true, so his argument is invalid, but strong. (C1) Many agree with Summer on his stance of high-pollution industries in lesser-developed countries. They claim that it is economic logic to fill the countries with low wages with profitable industries. By doing this, it would cause more people to want to live in a less populated area and work for higher wages. A sudden increase in population would also increase the number of the labor force. By doing this, more workers and industries would rapidly affect the growth of the economy. (R1) In closing the first argument Summer commits to subjective fallacy when he states dumping toxic waste is logical and impeccable. He develops this argument by using errors in reasoning, such as these examples. Summer also makes ambiguous claims by make a personal attack on the reader. The phrase we should face up to that tells the reader ...

The impact and clinical outcome of the preoperative screening Dissertation

The impact and clinical outcome of the preoperative screening investigations in individuals going in for elective surgeries - Dissertation Example This is because, surgery is always associated with some risk for the patient, both due to the procedure and due to the anesthesia administered for the procedure. Whatever be the level of risk, due to medico-legal implications, every anesthetist performs a detailed evaluation of the patient prior to shifting to operating room. Evaluation includes detailed history taking pertaining to the present disease, past diseases, medications that the patient is taking, known allergies to any drugs, family history of any significant health ailments and personal history like drugs, alcohol and smoking. Evaluation also includes review of previous investigations, detailed physical examination and laboratory testing. In many parts of the world there are protocols for routine laboratory testing like complete blood picture, serum electrolytes, BUN and creatinine, liver function tests, urine analysis, chest X-ray and electrocardiogram (Garcia et al, 2003). However, there are reports and more and more st udies are pointing to the fact that these routine investigations have no role in ascertaining fitness for surgery in otherwise healthy individuals posted for elective surgery. The experts are of the opinion that investigations must be considered only on individual basis because; the percentage of abnormal reports from the tests are minimal and even when abnormalities are detected is no change is done in the perioperative management of the surgical patient. Another important aspect of routine testing is that it does not stratify and predict perioperative complications (Narr et al, 1997), thus, defeating the very purpose of preoperative testing. They are also costly and add to health care (Narr et al, 1991). In this review, the impact and clinical outcomes of preoperative screening investigations in otherwise healthy individuals posted for elective surgery will be discussed through review and critical analysis of suitable literature. Aim The main aim of the study is to ascertain the o utcome of routine preoperative testing in otherwise healthy individuals for elective surgeries. Objectives The objectives are to study the impact and outcomes of routine preoperative testing in terms of change in case management based on abnormalities, percentage of abnormalities identified, cost to patient and health care system, iatrogenic injury and to understand guidelines for preoperative testing in healthy subjects. Materials and methods To find pertinent literature studies, the initial literature searches progress was conducted in the various databases, Blackwell-Synergy, CINAHL, CMJA, Cochrane, EMBASE, Health Reference Center Academic, Internures, MD Consult, Mosby’s Nursing Consult, Proquest5000 and ScienceDirect. It was found that numerous articles were available. In order to further analyse manageable number of the quality and acceptability of the research articles, inclusion criteria were conducted in the following search strategy. The applicable key terms were co mbined with using thesaurus, truncation, Boolean operators and other limit, such as a language, subject fields of journal and years of publication in the search strategy. For example, â€Å"preoperative†, â€Å"preop†, or â€Å"screening for surgery† combined with â€Å"investigations†, â€Å"laboratory tests†, â€Å"tests†, or â€Å"assessment† as title and text words were utilised in the search strategy. Also, it includes studies published from 1985 to 2011, health, medicine and nursing fields and English language articles. Thus, several relevant

Columbus - First Voyage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Columbus - First Voyage - Essay Example Apart from his love for adventure and hope of conquest, Columbus feared that Portugal may discover the route to India and Cathay first, and, therefore, the First Voyage was necessary. Columbus was determined to get human cargo and material goods to his country and for himself thus he had an interest in slavery.3 Columbus was sailing both for adventure and getting a share of the big profits, which were to be made once, they reached the Indies. The purpose of the First Voyage of Columbus was finding a shorter route to Asia but instead of finding Asia, he landed in the â€Å"New World†. Since the trade between Asia and Europe was quite lucrative as it was full of spices. Columbus wanted to control the trade between Europe and Asia to make huge riches and fame. Muslims and Italians dominated most of the trade with Asians, and since Spain had not established any trade ties, Columbus was interested and determined to do it. The Spain rulers are simply funded Columbus hoping to enter into the spice trade through Columbus. His three missions were achieving glory, finding Gold, and spreading Christianity Gospel to the people of Asia.4 Columbus was not exploring the world when he landed in America but trying to find a shorter route to Asia for trading purposes. He rose to fame because he accidentally found the new world when he was trying to enrich himself by finding a shorter route to the spice land. Christopher Columbus came to be recognized as the discovery of America but according to historians, others had landed there first.

Conventional and Water Sensitive Urban Development

Conventional and Water Sensitive Urban Development Literature Review The Difference between Conventional Urban Development (CUD) and Water Sensitive Urban Development (WSUD) Introduction Urban development in cities around the world has come under constraining pressure due to population growth which leads to urban sprawl and the effects of anthropogenically induced climate change impacts on environmental ecosystems. The increase in the development of infrastructure such as impervious surfaces on roads, walkways, and public parks triggers increased flooding due to surface runoff and changes of landscapes, which adversely impact environmental ecosystems (Zhang et al., 2017). Other urban development dilemmas, as pointed out by Ercan et al., (2017), were increases in greenhouse gases (GHG) and conventional air pollution due to an increase in transportation industries. A Conventional Urban Development (CUD) approach as a solution to such glitches was introduced to control storm water and flooding, but ignored further contemplation on the carrying and receiving environment, in this case, the streams, lakes and ocean ecosystems. A sustainable pathway to urban development required a more holistic approach that was pertinent in capturing roles of nature in urban or city developments. According to Bell, (2015), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) might be a solution as it exemplifies a sustainable approach to urban nature and provides a useful foundation for moving beyond drainage and into the water supply and waste water technology and discourse. This article will identify the differences between Conventional Urban Development and Water Sensitive Urban Development. Furthermore, it will elaborate on the advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches and predict an overview on the future of the integration in relation to the sustainable cities metaphor. Comparison of Conventional Urban Development and Water Sensitive Urban Development Conventional urban development was introduced as an engineered structure in addressing storm water management and reducing flooding in cities in most parts of the world. The approach was largely focused on flood mitigation and health protection (Fletcher et al., 2015). Roefs et al., (2017) identified three types of conventional urban development based on sanitation systems; namely, centralized, conventionally activated sludge treatment; on-site sources for separation of grey water and black water treatment; and a hybrid of both systems. Urban stormwater runoff has become a challenge for urban planners and communities at large due to the source of degradation to stream ecosystems, as it only emphasised urban stormwater runoff originating from every roof, road and car park of a city. Therefore, another approach, which is more or less an integration of the conventional urban development, was introduced as a Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD). Water sensitive urban design is an integrated water management of water supply, wastewater and stormwater aimed at achieving multiple objectives beyond conventional or normal design and attentive on social amenities, protection of receiving waters, reduced consumption of external waters and other resources, and an improved microclimate within an urban natural environment (Walsh et al., 2016 Sharma et al., 2016). The water sensitive urban design is widely supported by many city planners and engineers as one of the novel technologies for sustainable cities (Bell, 2015 Sharma et al., 2016). Pros and Cons of Water Sensitive Urban Design Although there was an imbalance pointing more to the increased social understanding of water sensitive urban design and its benefits, there were also some contradictions in implementing the systems in many cities around the world. According to Sharma et al., (2016) Niemczynowicz, (1999), this new principle of integrated water management required close communication by water engineers, ecologists, and municipal planners to actively participate in the planning process. Also, it was identified by the authors that there were gaps in knowledge on the technical, economic, and social and institutional aspects of the Water Sensitive Urban Design implementation. In contrast, Water Sensitive Urban Development integrates all elements of the water cycle and their interconnections to achieve results that allow a healthy environment that meets the need of human consumption, waste water and pollution, precipitation and runoff, watercourses and water resources, and floods (Ulian et al., 2017). The concept of a Water Sensitive City is picked by many cities around the world as the option for resilience toward population growth and climate change impacts. For instance, according to Wong and Brown, (2008), the concept of a Water Sensitive City is a state goal of Australia to make every city water sensitive. Conclusion Populations will continue to grow and natural environments will continue to be affected as a result of anthropogenically induced climate change, which will lead to challenges of urban water management in urban centres around the world. Conventional Urban Development has been underpinned by the new water sensitive urban design to another level of water management in cities. The difference separating the two methods of engineering is that for Conventional Urban Development more consideration is put forward for removal of stormwater from urban areas so as to avoid flooding and to improve sanitation, while the Water Sensitive Urban Development considered removal of wastewater and was making sure that the water was controlled or cared for without adversely affecting the ecosystems. In simple terms, the Water Sensitive Urban Development (WSUD) is how urban stormwater is protected, reused, and recycled, so that the health of the ecosystems may be sustained and the goals of sustainable citie s could be achieved. References Bell, S. (2015). Renegotiating urban water. Progress in planning, 96, 1-28. Ercan, T., Onat, N. C., Tatari, O., Mathias, J. D. (2017). Public transportation adoption requires paradigm shif[B1]t in urban development structure. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 1789-1799. Fletcher, T. D., Shuster, W., Hunt, W. F., Ashley, R., Butler, D., Arthur, S., Mikkelsen, P. S. (2015). SUDS, LID, BMPs, WSUD and more-The evolution and application of terminology surrounding urban drainage. Urban Water Journal, 12(7), 525-542. Niemczynowicz, J. (1999). Urban hydrology and water management-present and future challenges. Urban water, 1(1), 1-14. Roefs, I., Meulman, B., Vreeburg, J. H., Spiller, M. (2017). Centralised, decentralised or hybrid sanitation systems? Economic evaluation under urban development uncertainty and phased expansion. Water Research, 109, 274-286. Sharma, A. K., Pezzaniti, D., Myers, B., Cook, S., Tjandraatmadja, G., Chacko, P. Walton, A. (2016). Water Sensitive Urban Design: An Investigation of Current Systems, Implementation Drivers, Community Perceptions and Potential to Supplement Urban Water Services. Water, 8(7), 272. Ulian, G., Cartes, I., Lima, M. M. C. L. (2017). Water management assessment methodology for urban planning. Revista Ambiente and à gua, 12(1), 33-46. Walsh, C. J., Booth, D. B., Burns, M. J., Fletcher, T. D., Hale, R. L., Hoang, L. N. Wallace, A. (2016). Principles for urban storm water management to protect stream ecosystems. Freshwater Science, 35(1), 398-411. Wong, T., Brown, R. (2008, August). Transitioning to water sensitive cities: ensuring resilience through a new hydro-social contract. In 11th International Conference on Urban Drainage. September. Edinburgh. 10p. Zhang, D., Gersberg, R. M., Ng, W. J., Tan, S. K. (2017). Conventional and decentralized urban storm water management: A comparison through case studies of Singapore and Berlin, Germany. Urban Water Journal, 14(2), 113-124. [B1]Your second and third lines should be indented for your references.